If you’re using hydraulic rams on a job site and not quite sure whether you need a single acting hydraulic cylinder or a double acting hydraulic cylinder, you’re not alone. Misunderstanding how each system functions—and when to use it—can lead to equipment failure, delays, or even injury. In this blog post, we will take a closer look at the difference between a single-acting vs. double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
Let’s break it down clearly so you can choose the right tool for your application.
Hydraulic cylinders from LGH.
At its core, a hydraulic system consists of three main components:
• A hydraulic pump
• A hose
This combination is often referred to as a “porta-power” setup. Each component plays a critical role—and if one is missing or mismatched, the system won’t function properly.
A 400-ton hydraulic cylinder from LGH.
A single acting hydraulic cylinder uses fluid pressure to move the piston in one direction only—typically to extend the rod. Retraction happens passively, either with the help of an internal spring, the weight of the load (load-return), or assistance from the pump itself.
Here’s how it works:
• Hydraulic oil flows into the lower port of the cylinder.
• The pressure pushes the piston rod outward.
• Once pressure is released, the oil flows back into the pump reservoir.
Some pumps assist in pulling the oil back in; others rely on gravity or built-in springs. That means retraction can be slower or less predictable if you’re cycling multiple strokes in a short period.
When to Use a Single Acting Cylinder:
• Light industrial or commercial tasks
• Applications that don’t require frequent retraction
• Jobs where gravity or the load can assist in return
• Lower capacity needs (typically small hydraulic cylinders)
Single acting cylinders are ideal for straightforward lifting or pushing jobs—especially when you don’t need rapid cycling.
A double acting hydraulic cylinder allows hydraulic fluid to move the piston in both directions—for both extension and retraction. This is made possible by having two connection ports: one at the bottom (for extension), and one at the top (for retraction).
Here’s the process:
• Pump delivers oil to the bottom port to extend the rod.
• When retraction is needed, oil is pushed into the top port to pull the rod back in.
• The operator controls both actions with precision via the pump.
Because it doesn’t rely on external forces or springs for retraction, the double acting setup offers more control and speed, especially in high-cycle applications.
When to Use a Double Acting Cylinder:
• Heavy-duty industrial or construction projects
• Applications requiring multiple full stroke cycles
• Lifting or lowering large structures (e.g., bridge maintenance)
• High tonnage and capacity requirements
Double acting rams are the go-to choice for crews who need full control, speed, and strength on both the push and return.
When selecting between a single acting or double acting hydraulic cylinder, consider:
• Load weight and required force
• Whether the cylinder must retract under power or load
• How frequently you’ll cycle the piston
• Precision and control requirements
• Space, speed, and equipment availability
At LGH, our experts can help you match the right hydraulic cylinder tools to your project—whether you need a small hydraulic cylinder for tight spaces or a high-tonnage double acting cylinder for structural lifts.
Choosing the right cylinder is critical to safety, performance, and efficiency. If you’re unsure which type of hydraulic ram or cylinder suits your application, reach out to our team for guidance.
Contact LGH or call 800-878-7305 to speak with a rental expert.
LGH is North America’s largest single organization devoted exclusively to the provision of lifting and moving equipment for rent. LGH holds the most comprehensive inventory for hoisting, rigging, jacking, pulling, material handling, and safety equipment. With over 90,000 pieces, discover your next project solution at RentLGH.com.
